Is chromosome fusion proof of evolution?

I am going to change from my normal style of posts just briefly to discuss a current issue that may be a little more technical. The issue is that primates have 24 pairs of chromosomes while Humans have only 23 pairs. Evolutionists claim that for this to be true and for evolution to be viable, we have to find 2 pairs of our chromosomes fused. And they believe they have found just that (note: the evidence for this is good, but not conclusive), so evolution is true.



While this seems compelling at first glance, is it?

First, this argument is a fallacy called 'the fallacy of confirming the argument'. Meaning 'If P, the Q. Q therefore P' or 'If we have a common ancestor there will be chromosome fusion. There is, therefore we have a common ancestor.' When in reality, all that is shown is that there is a fusion.

Second, this is not compelling evidence even if true because it is a difference between us and them, not a similarity. It would be far more compelling if everything was similar, not different with a possible explanation. What evolutionists would need to find is the primate in our supposed ancestry that has the fused chromosome to show that this change did actually occur. Without it, all they have is yet another difference in our genetics.

Third, mapping the chromosomes is one thing, knowing the intricacies of and total function of how and why they work is quite another. And that is something we are nowhere close to understanding.

Again, a common designer would use similar tools and similar plans for similar creations. For instance, I make shoes and boots for use in my hobby. To make the shoes, I use the same pattern as I do for the boots and alter it into a shoe. Same with God's creation. He uses genetics and alters them as needed. So He used the same coding principal and fused two together in one and not the other to achieve the desired result. It is not a big deal at all.

Some will claim that making them similar and fusing them together is being deceptive.
However, it is not deceptive in the least. The fact they are similar still points to a common creator. The fact that they are different shows simply that He had to change them to get the desired result.

Evolutionists then claim that chromosome fusion shows that evolution is 'science' because it is a testable and falsifiable prediction. The evolutionist says "if evolution is true, we must explain this difference and here is our explanation. If the explanation was not here, evolution would be falsified."

They will then say that Creation is not science because it makes no such falsifiable prediction. However, this is completely false. The Creationist says "If Creation is true, we must show there are differences and here it is. If there were no differences, Creation would be falsified."

In conclusion, this again is fact verses concept. The SCIENTIFIC FACT is there is a difference in the number of chromosomes between apes and man. There is POSSIBLE evidence to show where two chromosomes may be fused. But that is ALL the evidence shows. The story used to explain the difference (either fused through evolution or through planned design) is philosophy.

In His Service... Arthur Smith

Evolving Parts Is Not Enough

Previously I have discussed the Miller-Urey experiment which Biology Texts use to claim that life can evolve by natural means. I had previously shown where this experiment not only did not prove this, but also doesn't even prove the evolutionary scientist's claims that it created the building blocks of life. But I want to take this one step further.

For this post, I will pretend that they actually did form the 'building blocks of life' as they claim. Does this really help prove evolution? Only in the tiniest bit. Why? Because as an old commercial states, "parts is parts". What I mean here is that parts do not make life. No matter how many parts you have, no matter how evolved these parts are, you still do not have life. Life requires these parts to be assembled in a 'biological machine'. Let me show you.



Above we have a bunch of parts. Are they of any use? Would they server any purpose on their own? What if they got fancier? If you had these parts sitting in a drawer, would you use them? No, they would sit there and rust until you threw them away. This is the same as in nature. Even if the parts were there, they would be useless until they were assembled. They would sit in the drawer so-to-speak, until natural selection threw them away.

It is not until these parts are assembled as below, that they have any purpose.



You see, even if the parts were there, until they are assembled into the biological system, the 'machine', they serve no purpose. And just like the parts above, tossing the parts around randomly can never produce a functioning machine, little lone a functioning machine that can reproduce itself. These parts have to be assembled in a particular and specific order to achieve a useful function. Actual, scientific testing and observation tells us that this absolutely never happens without intelligence. It is only by denying science and the Laws of Nature that one could ever hope that the assembling of a functional machine could ever happen without an intelligence behind it.

In His service... Arthur Smith

The probability of Evolution

In 1860, at the Oxford Union in England, the “Great Debate” took place between the Anglican Archbishop of Oxford University, Samuel Wilberforce, and evolutionist and agnostic, Thomas Huxley. Though there is some disagreement in the details, it is said to prove the possibility that the genetic information in the cells (DNA) could assemble itself by chance, random processes, Huxley asked Wilberforce if six monkeys sitting at typewriters could ever type a recognizable word (allowing the monkeys could live forever and never run out of ink or paper). Wilberforce was forced to say 'yes'.



Huxley went on and asked, again, given the monkeys could live forever and never run out of supplies, could these same monkeys type an actual sentence? Once again, Wilberforce was forced to say 'yes'. Huxley then asked the big question: given the monkeys could live forever and never run out of supplies, could these same monkeys eventually type the works of Shakespeare?


In other words, given infinite time, the monkeys would successfully type "Romeo". Given even more time they would type "Romeo, Romeo." Even more time and they'd get "O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo? Deny thy father and refuse thy name; Or if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love And I'll no longer be a Capulet..."

Here Wilberforce and all creationists do have to be honest and admit that given an infinite amount of time and the specified circumstances, that yes this could happen. So, case closed, monkeys win, correct?

Wrong. Here's why.

This analogy which has been used to convince countless people, including myself, is fatally flawed. Why? Because it assumes that once the letter is "typed" that it is locked in. If this were the case, given infinite time, the monkeys very well would eventually, accidentally type Romeo and Juliet. However, this is not how DNA works.

Molecules not only form, but they break down. As an example, water (2 hydrogen molecules and one oxygen molecule combined) evaporates into three separate atoms: hydrogen, hydrogen and oxygen. These three separate atoms are no longer water but are free to form any other molecule.

What does this mean? It means as the monkeys start to type they might get "Romeo". Indeed given even more time they might be lucky enough to type "Romeo, Romeo." However, molecules are not locked together like the typed words from the monkeys. For the analogy to correctly reflect the nature of the DNA, the previously typed letters would have to start breaking down. So by the time they tried to accidentally get to "wherefore", what was previously on the paper would look more like "omeo? Rom o". As the typing progressed it would be "om ? R m o, o o w hrefore art thou Romeo".

Are you getting the picture? Could any number of monkeys, typing for an infinite amount of time, ever type Shakespeare's 'Romeo and Juliet' under this scenario which correctly models how molecules actually work? The answer is simply, "no".

Another way it has been stated is through the fact that IF there is ANY chance that something could occur, no matter how incredibly small, given enough time it will happen. So no matter how slim the chance, it goes to show how evolution could happen, right? Wrong. Here's why:

Take these two dice and roll them. How many tries will it take to roll a 15? If any number of monkeys roll and roll and roll from now through infinity, how long would it take before they roll a 15 with these two dice? They never would. The chance of doing the impossible is zero.

According to the Laws of Probability, if the chance of something happening is smaller than 1 chance in 10 followed by 50 zeros, then the event will NEVER occur/ The calculated possibility of getting a single cell by natural processes is calculated as 1 chance in 10 followed by 40,000 zeros. Once again, the chance of doing the impossible is zero.

In His service... Arthur Smith

How Close Is 96%?

We have been told many times about how similar Human DNA is to Chimpanzee DNA. At first we were told they were 98%, then 97%. Now it has dropped to between 95-96%, but even so, that still sounds like a lot, right? But how close IS it really?

DNA is made up of what are termed 'base pairs'. These are the instruction codes that make us who we are. There are roughly 3,125,000,000 base pairs in human DNA. That means at even 96% similarity, there are still 125,000,000 differences!

What does this mean to evolution? Evolution states that each of these differences came about over time by chance, random process. They use these long periods of time because these changes are rare and most changes are not passed on but weeded out. So very few changes continue down the line. The question is how much time for how many changes.

Using evolutionist's figures, from the time human and chimp separated down different paths from their mutual ancestor, approximately 300,000 generations have come and gone. A staggering amount to be sure. But is it enough?

125,000,000 differences divided by 300,000 generations means that EACH and EVERY generation must have and pass on 133 mutations of the exact variety needed to be passed on and separate the two lines. Remember, mutations are very rare and the vast majority of them are not passed on. Alone, 133 mutations is unheard of in a single generation, little lone 133 beneficial ones that are actually passed on to offspring.

Simply put, even given an additional ten times the number of generations they allow for would not give enough time for such a divergence to take place. This shows that the similarity in DNA does not fit with the 'common ancestor' model. However, it still does fit with the concept of a common creator.

In His service... Arthur Smith

Matter+Energy+Time=?

Many of us were taught that Matter + Energy + Time = Life. Meaning that given enough time and energy, life will come from non life. However, is this true? Simply put, no, and here's an easy example why.

Lets take a computer. You assemble (time) all the parts (matter) and plug it in and turn it on (energy) and it works because you have those three pieces, right? Ah! There is one thing missing: software. If your computer has no program to run it, then it will never run. The hardware (matter) will never work by its self no matter how much time or energy you put into it. It must have the information in the program to work.

The components of life are the same. Given all the time the evolutionists claim has past and any amount of energy, matter could never form life because it would never have the information required for life. That information is hard coded in the DNA, in the genes and chromosomes and made usable through the RNA in our cells.

The scientific Laws of Information in Nature state that information cannot arise from matter. It ALWAYS arises from a source of higher information. Again, think of a computer. A computer cannot program itself. And it cannot program something more intelligent than itself. It takes an external source, a programmer, to install and upgrade its information.

So the equation for life is lacking. To be correct it MUST be Matter + Energy + Time + information = Life. Information cannot come from matter but always from a higher source of information. To program an amoeba, you'd need something with vastly more information than an amoeba. To program a dog, you'd need something with vastly more information than a dog. To program a human, you'd need something with vastly more information than a human. Vastly more information than a human? Where does that lead us to?

In His Service... Arthur Smith

Could all the animals fit on the ark?

Many people say that they know the account of Noah is not real because all the animals could not fit on the ark. Ask them then, how big was the ark and how many animals had to be on it. Typically they will not know. Do you?

Genesis records that the Ark was 300 cubits x 50 cubits x 30 cubits. A cubit is the length from one’s elbow to the tip of their finger. Traditionally this is accepted to be 18”. However, up to a 22” cubit is accepted by Jewish Historians and being 600 years old, Noah’s could have been even bigger!

Accepting the smallest size for a cubit, the Ark would thus be 450’ x 75’ x 45’. This would give the Ark 1,518,750 cubic feet of room. Equal to the capacity of 565 railroad stock cars! But was that enough? To answer this question, we must know how many animals were on the Ark.

Genesis records each “kind” of animal was on the Ark. Though we do not have a list of God’s classification of ‘kinds’, in the creation account, we see that kinds can reproduce. Bearing this in mind, we can see not every ‘species’ was required, but a far smaller number would be required. For instance there would not be a Poodle, Labrador, Great Dane, Wolf and fox on board, but one dog kind.

It is believed this number to be less than 35,000 animals. However, even if we were to take the worst case, and look at species, is there enough room?

Looking even at species, there are only 21,100 species that would have needed the protection of the ark. Multiply this by 2 so we have a male and female of each brings our total to 42,200. There are well less than 1000 ‘clean’ kinds but even adding 7 of each at that many, still leaves the number at less than 50,000 even after adding in two of each dinosaur kind. But will they fit?

If you take all animals, including dinosaurs, from the smallest to the largest, the average size would be that of a sheep. As stated earlier, the Ark can hold the same as 565 railroad stock cars. Shipping records show a stock car will hold 240 sheep. So:

50,000 animals at 240 per car = 208 stock cars. Only 36% of the Ark’s capacity to fit all the SPECIES! Room with plenty to spare!

Evolutionary trees actually more like grass

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I remember growing up, I had a book on animals and dinosaurs. It had a huge evolutionary tree and I loved reading about the animal, then looking on the tree and tracing it backwards through its evolutionary history. I was completely in awe of those diagrams and just as completely convinced by them. Growing up through the school system, this conviction was solidified in this icon of evolution.

It is no wonder then, when my search to once-and-for-all find the absolute proof of evolution began, that I started with these trees. Yet to my disappointment, I quickly found their flaw. Let me show you:

The first image here is a simple version of one of evolution's "Trees of Life". You can easily follow the evolutionary path and it is quite nice and convincing. But is it accurate? Let me ask you, what is on the black lines, or 'branches'? Why don't they show them?

The reason that they do not show what is on these lines is because they do not know. There simply is nothing to show so instead, they draw lines. What they really have is in this second image to the right: fully formed plants, animals and humans with nothing in-between!

That's right, instead of a tree, what is actually found by real science are fossils of the last leaf on the end of their supposed branches. To make their trees honestly reflect what is observed in nature, we need to remove the lines. What is left, is hardly convincing.

In fact, evolutionists make all sorts of these trees showing how certain things supposedly evolved. Lets look at a few of their examples. On the left is what they will show. The bold or colored lines show what is actually found. The light or dashed lines show what their IMAGINATIONS want you to believe. But these magic lines are an illusion. Remove the imagination, leave only the facts and what you get is shown in the right side of each picture. Lets take a look...

Okay, do you see the point? What they try to show is not what the facts actually show. The facts are on the right of each example. You can either use their imaginary, magic lines and try to connect them with lines, or you can read them for what the facts actually show: that each and every animal was created exactly how they were and did not evolve into anything else. They ALWAYS show up in the fossil record 100% complete in their kind. And you know what? That's EXACTLY what God said.

In His service... Arthur